Tiny aerosols recondense above 30 km; little change to N hemisphere cloud; unusual sunrises and sunsets  

Kilauea (Hawaii, USA)

Eruption continues in middle east rift zone

Etna (Sicily, Italy)

Lava from S-flank fissure; central crater enlarged

St. Helens (Washington, USA)

SO₂ emission, seismicity, and changes in morphology of new lobe may indicate continued endogenous growth

Long Valley (California, USA)

Seismicity declines to near background

Kliuchevskoi (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia)

Earthquake swarm then lava flow from NE flank vent

Asama (Honshu, Japan)

Incandescent tephra ejected; ashfall to 250 km

Pagan (Mariana Islands, central Pacific Ocean)

Tephra deposits suggest 4-7 eruptions since May 1981

Ulawun (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Increased seismicity and vapor emission

Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)

Explosions, ash emissions, and seismicity increase

Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Activity declines

Hunter Island (New Caledonia, Vanuatu)

Apparent eruption later discovered to be fires caused by human activity

Matthew Island (New Caledonia, Vanuatu)

White vapor from central crater

Ruapehu (North Island, New Zealand)

Deflation and B-type earthquakes

White Island (New Zealand)

No eruptive activity; B-type events increase

Erebus (Antarctica)

Lava lake level drops slightly; explosion earthquakes; earthquake swarm near area of 1908 thermal activity

Melbourne (Victoria Land, Antarctica)

Fumarolic activity unchanged since 1972

Rincon de la Vieja (Costa Rica)

Tephra eruption from crater lake

Arenal (Costa Rica)

Lava extrusion continues

Poás (Costa Rica)

Fumarole and crater lake temperatures higher

Soufriere Guadeloupe (Guadeloupe, West Indies)

Water temperatures and chemistry

Ol Doinyo Lengai (Tanzania)

Reported February lava flow not found; strong gas emission ends; small ash-poor plumes

Atmospheric Effects

Continued monitoring of stratospheric cloud from El Chichón 

St. Helens ( Washington)

Intrusive and extrusive dome growth continue

Etna (Sicily, Italy)

Lava effusion continues; central crater explosions; deformation, temperature and self-potential data

Kilauea (Hawaii, USA)

Lava effusion stops; low level harmonic tremor, local incandescence, and extension continue

El Chichón (México)

Crater lake recedes rapidly

Colima (western México)

Vapor emission from fumarole field; SO₂ flux estimated

Michoacán-Guanajuato (México)

Fumaroles emit acid gases

Concepcion (Nicaragua)

Strong ash eruption; no damage

Masaya (Nicaragua)

Gas column and incandescence from lava lake

Momotombo (Nicaragua)

Fumarole temperatures continue to increase

Cerro Negro (Nicaragua)

Gas column; fumarole hotter than in mid-1982

Telica (Nicaragua)

Increased seismicity and fumarolic activity in February

Sán Cristóbal (Nicaragua)

Slow fumarole temperature increase; gas column

Arenal (Costa Rica)

Lava flows active on the NW flank

Poás (Costa Rica)

Fumarole and crater lake temperatures increase

Irazú (Costa Rica)

Fumarolic activity on the NW flank

Macdonald (south-central Pacific Ocean)

Eighth known eruptive episode detected

Floating Pumice (Kermadec Islands, S Pacific)

Bubbling and floating pumice

Asama (Honshu, Japan)

Summit crater explosive eruption

Iwo-Jima (Volcano Islands, Japan)

Earthquake swarm, two weak steam explosions

Kusatsu-Shirane (Honshu, Japan)

Small phreatic explosion; harmonic tremor

Niigata-Yake-yama (Honshu, Japan)

Fresh ash on snow

Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)

Explosion rate, seismicity decline; lapilli ejected

Ulawun (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Increased seismicity, including volcanic tremor

Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)

Vapor emissions, detonations, glow, ashfalls

Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Six explosions, highest cloud to 8 km

Ruapehu (North Island, New Zealand)

Crater lake green; low pH of river water

White Island (New Zealand)

Deflation ends

Atmospheric Effects

Stratospheric aerosols reduce solar radiation; high latitude aerosols sampled

Bezymianny (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia)

Explosions destroy part of lava dome; ash ejection; pyroclastic flow; lava extrusion from dome's summit

Kliuchevskoi (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia)

Numerous flank lava flows; weak summit explosions

Veniaminof (Alaska, USA)

Strombolian activity and lava flow from cone in ice-filled caldera

Grimsvotn (Iceland)

Subglacial activity ejects large vapor plumes; small island in meltwater lake; minor ashfall; no jökulhlaups

St. Helens (Washington, USA)

Lava dome growth continues

Etna (Sicily, Italy)

Lava production slows; lava partially diverted; central crater explosions continue; self-potential data

Mauna Loa (Hawaii, USA)

Seismicity and summit caldera deformation increase

Kilauea (Hawaii, USA)

Incandescent vents, harmonic tremor, and dilation across fissure system continue, then lava extrusion resumes

Momotombo (Nicaragua)

Fumarole chemistry changes and temperature drops after tremor ends

Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)

Seismicity, ash emission, incandescence intensify

Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Moderate Vulcanian activity, one plume to 7 km

Ulawun (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Variable seismicity, tremor episode

Bagana (Bougainville Island)

Increased vapor emission; sluggish lava flow

Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)

Explosions and large plumes; windshields broken

Kusatsu-Shirane (Honshu, Japan)

9 March activity was only seismic

Tongariro (North Island, New Zealand)

Earthquake swarms

Ruapehu (North Island, New Zealand)

Decreases seismicity; lake temperature lower

Atmospheric Effects

Aerosol cloud remains strong

Kilauea (Hawaii, USA)

Lava flows and spatter cones produced by two new phases of E rift zone eruption

Etna (Sicily, Italy)

Lava production continues but at lower rate; central crater explosions; lava temperatures

Veniaminof (Alaska, USA)

Lava flows melt holes in caldera ice; increased ash emission

St. Helens (Washington, USA)

Lava dome continues to grow

Long Valley (California, USA)

Earthquake swarms but no deformation changes

Bulusan (Luzon, Philippines)

Two small phreatic explosions from summit crater

Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

More frequent Vulcanian explosions

Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)

Seismicity stays high; emissions, noises lessen

Ulawun (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Five periods of volcanic tremor

Ruapehu (North Island, New Zealand)

Lake water characteristics unchanged; deflation

Atmospheric Effects

Slight decline in aerosols; fresh volcanic material in lower stratosphere; new layer near tropopause 

Colo [Una Una] (Sulawesi, Indonesia)

Pyroclastic flows devastate island; clouds to stratosphere; evacuations prevent large death toll

Gamalama (Halmahera, Indonesia)

Ash ejection; several thousand evacuated

Venaiminof (Alaska, USA)

Lava flow melts large pit in caldera ice, then eruption weakens

Kilauea (Hawaii, USA)

Lava flows move ENE along east rift for 4 days

St. Helens (Washington, USA)

Lava dome growth continues; plumes emitted

Long Valley (California, USA)

New collapse pits and fumarole

Piton de la Fournaise (Reunion Island)

12-hour earthquake swarm

Etna (Sicily, Italy)

Eruption ends after four months of lava extrusion

Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Explosions; ashfalls; strong harmonic tremor

Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)

Moderate ash, vapor emissions; B-type events continue

Ulawun (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Strong seismicity but no change in plume

Unnamed Submarine Volcano (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Earthquake swarm; sounds and glow

Kusatsu-Shirane (Honshu, Japan)

Small plume emitted; volcanic tremor; A-type events

Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)

Explosions, tephra emission, and seismicity

Sangay (Ecuador)

Eruption continues with ash emission every 10 minutes

Atmospheric Effects

El Chichón aerosols weaken gradually; new layer sometimes present near tropopause

Colo [Una Una] (Sulawesi, Indonesia)

Continued explosive activity seen on satellite images; numerous magnitude 5 earthquakes

Iliboleng (Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia)

Small plume photographed by Space Shuttle astronauts

Iliwerung (Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia)

Submarine explosions

Tangkubanparahu (Java, Indonesia)

Increased seismicity; thermal activity; inflation

Kilauea (Hawaii, USA)

7th, 8th, and 9th major episodes produce lava flows extending NE and S from spatter cone

St. Helens (Washington, USA)

Lava extrusion continues; internal dome growth accelerates; small fluidized avalanches; vapor and ash plumes

Okmok (Aleutian Islands, USA)

Possible eruption plume on satellite imagery

Veniaminof (Alaska, USA)

Lava flow and ash emission stop; tremor summarized

Macdonald (south-central Pacific Ocean)

Renewed submarine activity

Teahitia (Society Islands, French Polynesia)

Shallow earthquakes and high-frequency tremor

Floating Pumice (Kermadec Islands, S Pacific)

Pumice in the Tuamoto Archipelago; source unknown

Pagan (Mariana Islands, central Pacific Ocean)

Ash cloud seen from aircraft

Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

More, stronger explosions; ashfalls to 10 km

Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)

Emissions increase slightly; B-type events continue

Ruapehu (North Island, New Zealand)

Upwelling in crater lake; slight inflation

Etna (Sicily, Italy)

No new activity

Atmospheric Effects

June-July balloon data show new layers near tropopause; only El Chichón aerosols detected by lidar in August

Kilauea (Hawaii, USA)

8th-10th major phases of E Rift Zone eruption

St. Helens (Washington, USA)

Lava from new vent added to composite dome

Veniaminof (Alaska, USA)

Eruption resumes; Strombolian activity; lava flows

Pacaya (Guatemala)

Strombolian bursts and lava flows in summit crater

Colo [Una Una] (Sulawesi, Indonesia)

Satellite observations of July-August eruption clouds

Miyake-jima (Izu Islands, Japan)

Tephra cloud to 10 km; lava flows from fissure vents destroy town; 2,000 evacuated

Rabaul (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Earthquake swarms and uplift at intracaldera cone

Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Explosions, tremor from gas venting; glow seen twice

Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)

Four days of stronger activity, ashfalls to 10 km

Bagana (Bougainville Island)

Gas measurements on 8 September

Ulawun (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Gas measurements on 11 September

Pagan (Mariana Islands, central Pacific Ocean)

Small plume emitted

Atmospheric Effects

El Chichón cloud remains over mid-latitudes  

Miyake-jima (Izu Islands, Japan)

Four lava flows, four explosion craters from 10-hour eruption

Kusatsu-Shirane (Honshu, Japan)

Explosions eject large tephra

Kilauea (Hawaii, USA)

10th and 11th major phases of E Rift Zone eruption

St. Helens (Washington, USA)

Deformation, SO₂ emission, and seismicity increase as lava extrusion pattern changes

Veniaminof (Alaska, USA)

Lava fountains and flow; ash emission; increased tremor

Pavlof (Alaska, USA)

Large eruption column; tremor

Villarrica (central Chile)

Continuous explosions emit tephra; pyroclastic flows; summit glow suggests lava fountaining

Arenal (Costa Rica)

Continued lava extrusion

Poás (Costa Rica)

Strong continuous gas emission

Irazú (Costa Rica)

Fumarolic activity

Turrialba (Costa Rica)

Fumarolic activity

El Chichón (México)

Fumarole and crater lake temperatures decline

Tangkubanparahu (Java, Indonesia)

Seismicity continues to increase

Colo [Una Una] (Sulawesi, Indonesia)

July- August explosion times, plume heights, and photos

Rabaul (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Large increases in seismicity and ground deformation

Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)

Tephra clouds; glow; rumbling; increased seismicity

Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Moderate Vulcanian activity; explosion events; tremor

Pagan (Mariana Islands, central Pacific Ocean)

Explosive eruption on 26 September

Atmospheric Effects

Lower stratospheric layer; source uncertain  

Kilauea (Hawaii, USA)

11th and 12 major phases of East Rift Zone eruption

St. Helens (Washington, USA)

Continued lava dome growth

Long Valley (California, USA)

Brief earthquake swarm in S part of the caldera

Pavlof (Alaska, USA)

Ash emission; vapor plume; volcanic tremor

Veniaminof (Alaska, USA)

Vapor plume; incandescence

Pacaya (Guatemala)

Strombolian activity; lava flow

Santa Maria (western Guatemala)

Small ash ejections; mudflow damages town

Rabaul (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Increased seismicity prompts stage-2 alert implying possible eruption within a few months

Ulawun (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Five days of strong seismicity; mild explosive activity

Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)

Emissions increase; fewer but stronger earthquakes

Piton de la Fournaise (Reunion Island)

Summit crater fissure eruption

Atmospheric Effects

El Chichón aerosols monitored by balloon, lidar, and sunset observations

Piton de la Fournaise (Reunion Island)

Lava emission continues; volcanic tremor

Kilauea (Hawaii, USA)

Episode 12 described; tremor and inflation continue; new ground cracks

St. Helens (Washington, USA)

Renewed extrusion on NE flank; breadcrust bombs

Pavlof (Alaska, USA)

Brief ash emission episodes

Veniaminof (Alaska, USA)

Vapor plumes; incandescence; earthquakes

Rabaul (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

More but weaker earthquakes; deformation slows

Bagana (Bougainville Island)

Glow, explosions, incandescent boulders

Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Tephra to 2.7 km height; small lava flow

Ulawun (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)

Seismicity increases after M 6.4, 6.5 earthquakes

Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)

Glow, tephra ejection, explosions at summit craters

Kusatsu-Shirane (Honshu, Japan)

Summit explosions and seismicity

Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)

Tephra from strong explosions damage cars and buildings

Usu (Hokkaido, Japan)

Fumarole temperatures decline slightly

Atmospheric Effects

Balloon and lidar data and colorful sunsets indicate continued presence of El Chichón aerosols