Karangetang (Sulawesi, Indonesia)
Occasional explosions since October
Karkar (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)
10-day ash eruption, after 6 months of seismicity
Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)
Frequent ash ejection continues
Long Island (Offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea)
New fumarolic activity
White Island (New Zealand)
Renewed ash eruption, strongest since July
Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)
Number of explosions increase; lapilli cracks airplane windows
Shikotsu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Ash eruptions continue
Usu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Voluminous steaming continues; no explosions in 3 months
Cerro Azul (Galapagos Islands, Ecuador)
Eruption underway on E flank
Fuego (Guatemala)
New lava flow and block avalanches
Krafla (Iceland)
Inflation continues; deflation event expected after early March
Bezymianny (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia)
Largest explosion since 1956 produces 0.2 km3 of ejecta
Shishaldin (Aleutian Islands, USA)
Ash emission increases
Westdahl (Aleutian Islands, USA)
8-km cloud seen on satellite imagery
Karkar (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)
Intermittent explosions and steady seismicity continue
Long Island (Offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea)
Fumarolic activity, but no eruption
Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)
Explosions continue, but less tephra than last autumn
Shikotsu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Small ash eruptions continue; seismicity increases sharply
Usu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Cryptodome uplift rate continues decline; 2 year history summarized graphically
White Island (New Zealand)
Increased ash emission and accompanying seismicity persist
Fuego (Guatemala)
More block lava down the E flank
Dieng Volcanic Complex (Java, Indonesia)
Gas emission kills nearly 200
Cerro Azul (Galapagos Islands, Ecuador)
Flank fissure eruption continuing after full month
Arenal (Costa Rica)
Two years of tilt data summarized
Karkar (Offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea)
Two volcanologists killed by explosion
Dieng Volcanic Complex (Java, Indonesia)
149 killed by poisonous gas during 20 February eruption
Fuego (Guatemala)
Summit fissure forms and block lava extrusion resumes
Arenal (Costa Rica)
Lava flow from the summit crater persists
Poás (Costa Rica)
Small phreatic eruptions end
Krafla (Iceland)
New deflation event believed imminent
Fukutoku-Okanoba (Volcano Islands, Japan)
Sea water discoloration
Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)
New dome emplacement in December
Shikotsu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Small ash eruptions and increased seismicity continue
Usu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Seismicity and cryptodome uplift rate continue to decline
Ambrym (Vanuatu, SW Pacific Ocean)
Destructive acid rain caused by eruption
OBITUARY
Deaths of two volcanologists at Karkar
Soufriere St. Vincent (St. Vincent, West Indies)
Major explosive eruption; 17,000 evacuated
Carran-Los Venados (central Chile)
Voluminous ash emission and lava flow
Fuego (Guatemala)
Frequent ash emission and more block lava
Marapi (Sumatra, Indonesia)
60 killed by air fall of coarse tephra
Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)
Number of explosions drops
Shikotsu (Hokkaido, Japan)
More ash eruptions but declining seismicity
Usu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Rates of seismicity and cryptodome uplift remain constant
Ambrym (Vanuatu, SW Pacific Ocean)
More information on February eruption and acid rain
Karkar (Offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea)
New crater lake; ash eruptions continue
White Island (New Zealand)
Continued ash emission
Metis Shoal (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
Large areas of pumice sighted between the Tonga and Fiji islands
Krafla (Iceland)
New deflation event; 1.5 m of rifting N of the caldera
Soufriere St. Vincent (St. Vincent, West Indies)
Explosions and seismicity end; new lava dome in summit crater
Karkar (Offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea)
Strong ash eruption deposits 1 cm of ash on W coast
Piton de la Fournaise (Reunion Island)
Small lava eruption, lasting less than 1 day
Erebus (Antarctica)
Lava lake and Strombolian activity persist
White Island (New Zealand)
At least two explosions since mid-April
Carran-Los Venados (central Chile)
Eruption resumes
Fuego (Guatemala)
Ash emission weaker; no new lava flows
Marapi (Sumatra, Indonesia)
Landslide, not eruption, caused fatalities on 30 April
Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)
Lava dome growing; explosions persist
Shikotsu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Seismicity and number of explosions decline
Usu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Seismicity declines slightly
Lawu (Java, Indonesia)
Earthquake swarm during late 1978
Metis Shoal (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
Eruption column with rock ejections and boiling water; pumice continues westward drift
Curacoa (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
Fisherman sees eruption on 14 May
Tofua (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
Emission of "smoke" reported
Late (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
No activity visible
Soufriere St. Vincent (St. Vincent, West Indies)
Aseismic lava extrusion persists; heavy rains generate large secondary mud flows
Karkar (Offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea)
Heavy ashfall in W summit area; seismicity reaches highest level of 1979
White Island (New Zealand)
New ash measured; deflation continues
Aso (Kyushu, Japan)
Steam and ash eruption
Kirishima (Kyushu, Japan)
Small sulfur flow ejected last winter
Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)
First explosion-free month in 6 years
Shikotsu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Small ash eruption but decline in seismicity persists
Usu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Uplift continues, but seismicity declines slightly and no new explosions
Fuego (Guatemala)
Brief strong incandescent tephra emission
Metis Shoal (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
New island grows to 15 m high in mid-July
Fonualei (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
Steam emissions observed
Piton de la Fournaise (Reunion Island)
Small lava flows from two radial fissures
Karkar (Offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea)
Explosive phases follow heavy rainfall; seismicity declines slightly
White Island (New Zealand)
Explosion produces red ash
Bayonnaise Rocks (Izu Islands, Japan)
Water discoloration observed on 13 July 1979
Nishino-shima (Volcano Islands, Japan)
Water discoloration seen on 15 November 1978
Fukutoku-Okanoba (Volcano Islands, Japan)
Discolored water observed in 1978 and 1979
Minami-Hiyoshi (Volcano Islands, Japan)
Discolored water seen during January-March 1978
Nikko (Volcano Islands, Japan)
Water discoloration on 12 July 1979 first evidence of activity
Fukujin (Volcano Islands, Japan)
Occasional water discoloration during 1978-79
Aso (Kyushu, Japan)
Moderate tephra eruption
Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)
Second explosion-free month
Shikotsu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Seismicity increases, but no explosions
Arenal (Costa Rica)
New lava flow on W flank
Carran-Los Venados (central Chile)
Eruption ends
Nevados de Chillan (central Chile)
Eruption continuing since 1973
Merapi (Java, Indonesia)
Hot avalanches decline; dome growth continues
Krakatau (Indonesia)
Tephra and lava flow from 1978 crater
Etna (Sicily, Italy)
Eruption from summit and SE flank
Soufriere St. Vincent (St. Vincent, West Indies)
Lava extrusion continues
Fuego (Guatemala)
Intermittent tephra emission, some incandescent
Metis Shoal (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
Fumarolic activity on the island during August, pumice washes ashore 1,150 km NW away
Karangetang (Sulawesi, Indonesia)
Explosion from new flank vent
Aso (Kyushu, Japan)
Mid-June eruption successfully predicted, but activity continues, killing two in September
Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)
No new explosions; activity since 1972 summarized
Suwanose-jima (Ryukyu Islands, Japan)
Activity since January 1977 tabulated
Shikotsu (Hokkaido, Japan)
No explosions; seismicity declines
Karkar (Offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea)
Explosions continue
Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)
Stronger incandescent eruptions
Mayon (Luzon, Philippines)
Seismic activity and crater glow
White Island (New Zealand)
Eruptions of fresh ash continue
Etna (Sicily, Italy)
Lava extrusion from several SE flank vents; ashfall to 70 km away
Krafla (Iceland)
Inflation slows; trigger level for previous deflations expected late October
Soufriere St. Vincent (St. Vincent, West Indies)
Lava extrusion slows
Fuego (Guatemala)
Activity declines to weak fumarolic emission
Santa Maria (western Guatemala)
Ash eruption; ashfall on Quetzaltenango
Karymsky (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia)
Explosions and lava flows
Etna (Sicily, Italy)
Nine killed and 23 injured by explosion
Krakatau (Indonesia)
Tephra emission continues, but lava extrusion has ended
Aso (Kyushu, Japan)
Large explosion kills three, then activity declines
Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)
Explosions resume after 110-day hiatus
Suwanose-jima (Ryukyu Islands, Japan)
Six hours of explosions; air shocks rattle doors and windows 90 km away
Usu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Slow seismic decline continues; elevation changes summarized
Karkar (Offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea)
Small explosions through crater lake continue
Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)
Ten loud explosions and ashfall
Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)
Activity declines
Fuego (Guatemala)
Activity limited to steaming but heavy rains produce destructive mudflows
Soufriere St. Vincent (St. Vincent, West Indies)
Lava extrusion continues
Krafla (Iceland)
Deflation event trigger level expected mid-October
Marapi (Sumatra, Indonesia)
Small ash eruption
On-take (Honshu, Japan)
First eruption in historical time
Aso (Kyushu, Japan)
Occasional weak ash emission
Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)
Explosions continue
Llaima (central Chile)
Tephra and lava flows from summit crater
Villarrica (central Chile)
Fumarolic activity increases
Soufriere St. Vincent (St. Vincent, West Indies)
Lava extrusion virtually stopped
Arenal (Costa Rica)
New lava flow down SW flank
Etna (Sicily, Italy)
Thermal anomaly on SE flank
Metis Shoal (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
Pumice sighted in Solomons and New Hebrides
Krakatau (Indonesia)
Oblique airphoto of September activity
Karkar (Offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea)
Small explosions through crater lake continue
Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)
Occasional ash emission
Manam (Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea)
Ash emission and glow
White Island (New Zealand)
Moderate ash emission
Fuego (Guatemala)
New crater high on S flank
Ahyi (Mariana Islands, central Pacific Ocean)
Shocks and sulfur upwelling
On-take (Honshu, Japan)
More information on 28 October eruption
Aso (Kyushu, Japan)
Frequent ash emission; explosion successfully predicted
Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)
Explosion frequency doubles; aircraft damaged
Shikotsu (Hokkaido, Japan)
Brief increase in seismicity, but no eruption
Krafla (Iceland)
Inflation slows
Soufriere St. Vincent (St. Vincent, West Indies)
Lava extrusion stopped
White Island (New Zealand)
Mild fume emission
Santa Maria (western Guatemala)
Periodic pyroclastic eruptions; lava flow spawning nuées ardentes
Kilauea (Hawaii, USA)
Brief eruption from upper east rift zone
Sierra Negra (Galapagos Islands, Ecuador)
14-km-high cloud; lava flows to sea
Karkar (Offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea)
No strong explosions; crater morphology described
Langila (New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea)
Occasional ash emission
Krafla (Iceland)
Minor deflation with little seismicity, then inflation resumes
Krakatau (Indonesia)
Eruption ends
Kaba (Sumatra, Indonesia)
Only solfataric activity accompanies 17 December earthquake
Karkar (Offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea)
Minor activity continues
Sierra Negra (Galapagos Islands, Ecuador)
Eruption ends; additional earthquakes located
Metis Shoal (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
Additional information on eruptions and pumice drift
Curacoa (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
Eruption site between Tafahi and Curacao Reef generates black plume
Fonualei (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
Fumarolic activity noted during July
Tofua (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
Fumarolic activity noted during July
Late (Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean)
Report of ash near the summit proves false
Poás (Costa Rica)
Small phreatic explosions resume
Llaima (central Chile)
Two new explosions; October lava flows described
Carran-Los Venados (central Chile)
Fumarolic activity continues
Sakura-jima (Kyushu, Japan)
Frequent explosions continue; tephra cracks another airplane windshield
On-take (Honshu, Japan)
Vapor emission declines; local earthquakes continue
1979
